軟件單元測試

目 錄
第1 章 軟件單元測試簡介 ····································································.1
1.1 樁對(duì)象和測試驅(qū)動(dòng)函數(shù) ······························································.1
1.2 測試驅(qū)動(dòng)開發(fā) ·········································································.2
1.3 軟件測試應(yīng)該貫徹始終 ······························································.2
1.4 軟件測試金字塔·······································································.3
1.5 單元測試在傳統(tǒng)開發(fā)模式中的地位 ···············································.4
1.6 單元測試在敏捷開發(fā)模式中的地位 ···············································.5
1.7 精準(zhǔn)測試 ···············································································.5
1.8 單元測試和白盒測試 ·································································.6
1.9 單元測試的FIRST 原則和AIR 原則 ··············································.7
1.10 習(xí)題 ····················································································.7
第2 章 軟件單元測試基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) ······························································.8
2.1 動(dòng)態(tài)自動(dòng)化單元測試 ·································································.8
2.1.1 被測程序 ·······································································.8
2.1.2 語句覆蓋 ·······································································.8
2.1.3 分支覆蓋 ······································································.11
2.1.4 條件覆蓋 ·······································································13
2.1.5 條件/分支覆蓋 ································································15
2.1.6 MC/DC 覆蓋 ··································································15
2.1.7 路徑覆蓋 ·······································································17
2.1.8 幾種覆蓋率的強(qiáng)弱關(guān)系 ·····················································18
2.1.9 控制流覆蓋 ····································································18
2.2 靜態(tài)自動(dòng)化單元測試：代碼掃描 ··················································19
2.3 手工單元測試：代碼調(diào)試 ···························································20
2.4 手工單元測試：代碼評(píng)審 ···························································20
2.5 單元測試中的問題 ····································································20
2.5.1 功能層面的問題·····························································.21
2.5.2 性能層面的問題·····························································.22
2.5.3 安全層面的問題·····························································.22
2.6 習(xí)題 ····················································································.23
第3 章 C 語言動(dòng)態(tài)自動(dòng)化單元測試框架 ·················································.24
3.1 在Windows 下安裝C 語言運(yùn)行環(huán)境 ············································.24
3.1.1 安裝配置MinGW ···························································.24
3.1.2 安裝配置MSYS2 ···························································.25
3.1.3 安裝配置IDE ································································.25
3.2 安裝編譯CUnit ······································································.31
3.2.1 在Windows 下安裝CUnit ·················································.31
3.2.2 在Linux 下安裝CUnit ·····················································.31
3.2.3 創(chuàng)建被測文件和測試文件 ·················································.32
3.2.4 在Windows 下運(yùn)行測試文件 ·············································.34
3.2.5 在Linux 下運(yùn)行測試文件 ·················································.34
3.2.6 運(yùn)行結(jié)果 ·····································································.35
3.3 查看測試報(bào)告 ········································································.35
3.4 CUnit 介紹 ············································································.36
3.4.1 CUnit 的四種運(yùn)行模式 ·····················································.36
3.4.2 CUnit 頭文件 ································································.38
3.4.3 CUnit 支持的斷言 ··························································.39
3.4.4 CUnit 架構(gòu) ···································································.40
3.4.5 CUnit 的基本測試步驟 ·····················································.40
3.5 案例 ····················································································.41
3.5.1 指針操作 ·····································································.41
3.5.2 返回結(jié)構(gòu)體 ··········································