前言.................................................................................................... 5
自我意識和心智理論 ................................................................. 7
西叢鴉 ..........................................................................................10
犬...................................................................................................12
亞洲象 ......................................................................................... 14
松鴉...............................................................................................16
大猩猩 ..........................................................................................18
恒河猴 ......................................................................................... 20
黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩 ....................................................................22
紅毛猩猩..................................................................................... 26
喜鵲.............................................................................................. 28
寬吻海豚..................................................................................... 30
其他示例..................................................................................... 32
工具的使用和問題的解決...................................................... 35
巴巴多斯牛雀............................................................................ 39
章魚..............................................................................................40
穴小鸮 ......................................................................................... 42
美洲綠鷺.....................................................................................44
戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡........................................................................46
丁格犬 .........................................................................................48
擬鴷樹雀..................................................................................... 50
白臉卷尾猴................................................................................. 52
新喀鴉 .........................................................................................54
沼澤鱷 ......................................................................................... 56
海獺.............................................................................................. 58
蟻獅..............................................................................................60
啄羊鸚鵡..................................................................................... 62
白兀鷲 .........................................................................................64
松鼠猴 .........................................................................................66
射水魚 .........................................................................................68
其他示例..................................................................................... 70
記憶和學習................................................................................... 73
波多黎各安樂蜥........................................................................ 76
山羊.............................................................................................. 78
鴿子..............................................................................................80
驢.................................................................................................. 82
馬..................................................................................................84
貓..................................................................................................86
日本獼猴.....................................................................................88
綿羊..............................................................................................90
造紙胡蜂..................................................................................... 92
緞藍園丁鳥.................................................................................94
老鼠..............................................................................................96
豬..................................................................................................98
美洲黑熊...................................................................................100
加州海獅....................................................................................102
夜鶯............................................................................................104
其他示例...................................................................................106
交流和語言.................................................................................109
西方蜜蜂....................................................................................112
狼.................................................................................................114
坎氏長尾猴................................................................................116
埃及果蝠....................................................................................118
青腹綠猴....................................................................................120
非洲象 ........................................................................................122
座頭鯨 ....................................................................................... 124
虎鯨.............................................................................................126
珊瑚石斑魚............................................................................... 128
灰鸚鵡 .......................................................................................130
其他示例....................................................................................132
動物適應性..................................................................................135
郊狼............................................................................................138
螞蟻............................................................................................140
和尚鸚鵡................................................................................... 142
美洲水貂...................................................................................144
大山雀 .......................................................................................146
家麻雀 .......................................................................................148
浣熊............................................................................................150
野豬.............................................................................................152
黃腳銀鷗...................................................................................154
赤狐............................................................................................156
其他示例...................................................................................158
索引................................................................................................159