123,123

內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介

　　納米技術(shù)最先由諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者、著名的物理學(xué)家理查德·費(fèi)曼在1959年12月29日的一次報(bào)告中提出來(lái)的。20世紀(jì)80年代，掃描探針顯微鏡發(fā)明之后，納米技術(shù)開(kāi)始快速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在它已成為物品設(shè)計(jì)和制作中最活躍的前沿應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域?！都{米技術(shù)原理》就是作者根據(jù)自己37年的研究工作，在給伊利諾依（Illinois）大學(xué)的工程、生物和物理類研究生和讀過(guò)量子力學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)的高年級(jí)大學(xué)生講課的講稿基礎(chǔ)上撰寫(xiě)而成的?！都{米技術(shù)原理》強(qiáng)調(diào)在凝聚態(tài)物質(zhì)的分子研究基礎(chǔ)上，重點(diǎn)介紹微系統(tǒng)的有趣課題?！都{米技術(shù)原理》共分11章，分別講述原子、分子納米技術(shù)的進(jìn)展；納米系統(tǒng)中分子間的作用力和勢(shì)函數(shù)；納米系統(tǒng)的熱力學(xué)和統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)；納米系統(tǒng)的Monto Carlo模擬法；納米系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模擬法；納米系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)模擬和最優(yōu)化；納米系統(tǒng)的相變；原子分子的定位安裝；分子自組裝；動(dòng)力學(xué)組合化學(xué)；分子組裝的鳥(niǎo)籠結(jié)構(gòu)等?！都{米技術(shù)原理》提供了豐富的進(jìn)一步研究的參考文獻(xiàn)。《納米技術(shù)原理》除了可用作相關(guān)專業(yè)的研究生教材和本科生選修課教材之外，還可作為有關(guān)專家了解納米系統(tǒng)學(xué)科概貌的參考讀物?！都{米技術(shù)原理》的細(xì)致解釋，一定會(huì)引起讀者的廣泛關(guān)注。考慮到納米技術(shù)是一門(mén)跨學(xué)科的交叉學(xué)科，《納米技術(shù)原理》還附上術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋，包括了縮略語(yǔ)、化學(xué)方程式、概念定義、方程和理論等方面，這將為不同學(xué)科的讀者提供閱讀的方便。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　曼索里，G.Ali Mansoori，美國(guó)Illinois大學(xué)生物工程和化學(xué)工程系教授、博士。作者致力于將統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)應(yīng)用于化學(xué)工程和生物工程之中，研究范圍涉及重油利用、瀝青質(zhì)特征、天然氣凈化、超臨界流體的提取、生物技術(shù)和環(huán)境污染等。作者已經(jīng)取得了以下成果：確立了可用于工程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算的新的分子溶液理論、多組份混合物的相平衡理論，并將上述兩理論用于聚合物溶體、石油貯存流體、煤液化流體以及生物學(xué)流體之中;得到由極化分子或親水性分子組成的反對(duì)稱混合物的統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)混合規(guī)則;提出了超臨界流體萃取和反縮聚的可能技術(shù)手段，并將這些技術(shù)手段用于天然氣的生產(chǎn)和加工過(guò)程之中;得出生物學(xué)分離的相平衡理論以及在從生物學(xué)流體富集生物大分子（蛋白質(zhì)）過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用;從石油原油中提取瀝青質(zhì)的沉淀和分離技術(shù)及其在石油生產(chǎn)和加工過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用等。作者采用了色譜法、界面張力計(jì)、沸點(diǎn)升高測(cè)定法以及微組分集結(jié)、膠體化、微膠粒、聚合等實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和統(tǒng)計(jì)力學(xué)理論，建立了上述的技術(shù)設(shè)施。《納米技術(shù)原理》一書(shū)是作者近年來(lái)對(duì)微系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分子研究和在凝聚態(tài)物理教學(xué)工作的基礎(chǔ)上編寫(xiě)而成的。

圖書(shū)目錄

Preface

Chapter1—AdvancesinAtomicandMolecularNanotechnology
Introduction
TheImportanceofNanoscale
AtomicandMolecularBasisofNanotechnology
SomeRecentKeyInventionsandDiscoveries
ScanningTunnelingMicroscope
AtomicForceMicroscope
Diamondoids
Buckyballs
CarbonNanotubes
Cyclodextrins,LiposomeandMonoclonalAntibody
OngoingResearchandDevelopmentActivities
FutureProspectsinNanoscienceandNanotechnology
ConclusionsandDiscussion
SomeImportantRelatedINTERNETSites
Bibliography

Chapter2—NanosystemsIntermolecularForcesandPotentials
Introduction
CovalentandNoncovalentInteractions
InteratomicandIntermolecularPotentialEnergiesandForces
ExperimentalandTheoreticalDevelopmentofInterparticlePotentials
Step(1):AFMMeasurementandEmpiricalModeling
Step(2):TheoreticalModeling
LinearizedAugmentedPlaneWave(LAPW)
Full-PotentialLinearizedAugmentedPlaneWave(FLAPW)
Step(3):DevelopmentofNanoparticlePotentials
PhenomenologicalInteratomicandIntermolecularPotentials
1.InteratomicPotentialsforMetallicSystems
1.1.TheMany-BodyEmbedded-AtomModel(EAM)Potentials
1.2.TheMany-BodyFinnisandSinclair(FS)Potentials
1.3.TheMany-BodySuttonandChen(SC)Long-RangePotentials
1.4.TheMany-BodyMurrell-Mottram(MM)Potential
1.5.TheMany-BodyRafii-TabarandSutton(RTS)Long-RangeAlloyPotentials
1.6.Angular-DependentPotentials
2.InteratomicPotentialsforCovalently-BondingSystems
2.1.TheTersoffMany-BodyC-C,Si-SiandC-SiPotentials
2.2.TheBrenner-Tersoff-TypeFirstGenerationHydrocarbonPotentials
2.3.TheBrenner-Tersoff-TypeSecondGenerationHydrocarbonPotentials
3.InteratomicPotentialforC-CNon-CovalentSystems
3.1.TheLennard-JonesandKiharaPotentials
3.2.Theexp-6Potential
3.3.TheRuoff-HickmanPotential
4.InteratomicPotentialforMetal-CarbonSystem
5.Atomic-SiteStressField
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter3—ThermodynamicsandStatisticalMechanicsofSmallSystems
Introduction
ThermodynamicSystemsinNanoscale
Energy,HeatandWorkinNanosystems
LawsofThermodynamics
TheZerothLaw
TheFirstLaw
TheSecondLaw
TheThirdLaw
StatisticalMechanicsofSmallSystems
ThermodynamicsandStatisticalMechanicsofNonextensiveSystems
Euler'sTheoremofHomogenousFunctions
BoltzmannandBoltzmann-GibbsFormulaeofEntropy
TsallisFormulaofEntropy
MicrocanonicalEnsembleforNonextensiveSystems
CanonicalEnsembleforNonextensiveSystems
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter4—MonteCarloSimulationMethodsforNanosystems
Introduction
GeneratingRandomNumbers
GeneratingUniformlyDistributedRandomNumbersin[0,1)
GeneratingRandomNumbersin[a,b)AccordingtoaGiven
DistributionFunctionP(x)
ImportanceSampling
MonteCarloIntegrationMethod
ApplicationstoNanosystemsComposedofaFewParticles
EquilibriumStatisticalMechanicsandMonteCarloMethod
TheMarkovProcess
ChoiceoftheTransitionFunction
Example
AcceptanceRatiosandChoiceoftheMoves
OtherTrickstoImprovetheSimulationSpeed
ApplicationofMonteCarlotoNonequilibriumProblems
TheLangevinEquation
InteractingSystems
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter5—MolecularDynamicsSimulationMethodsforNanosystems
Introduction
PrinciplesofMDSimulationofNanosystems
IntegrationofNewtonEquationofMotion
1.TheVeletMethod
2.TheLeap-FrogMethod
3.TheVelocity-VerletMethod
4.TheGearPredictor-CorrectorMethod
ChoiceoftheTimeIncrementAt
MDSimulationofSystemsinContactwithaHeatBath:Thermostats
1.VelocityScalingThermostat
2.TheNose-HooverExtended-SystemThermostat
3.TheLangevinThermostat
CalculationsResultingfromMDSimulations
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter6—Computer-BasedSimulationsandOptimizationsforNanosystems
Introduction
A.ClassificationofSimulationMethodsBasedonAccuracyandComputationalTime
MethodswiththeHighestDegreeofAccuracy(VeryCPU-Intensive)
MethodswiththeSecondHighestDegreeofAccuracy
Semi-EmpiricalMethods
StochasticMethods
B.ClassificationofOptimizationsinMolecularSimulations
LocalOptimizationMethods
1.SteepestDescentMethod(SDM)
2.DampedNewtonianDynamicsMethod
3.ConjugateGradientsMethod(CGM)
4.Quasi-NewtonMethods
GlobalOptimizationMethods
1.SimulatedAnnealingMethod
2.GeneticAlgorithm
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter7—PhaseTransitionsinNanosystems
Introduction
TheGibbsPhaseRule
PhaseTransitions
AComparisonofPhaseTransitionsBetweenSmallandLargeSystems
Fragmentation
ExperimentalObservationsofPhaseTransitionsinSmallSystems
1.EvaporationofWaterinaSealedNanotube
2.MicellizationandCoacervation
3.AnExampleofCrystallization
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter8—PositionalAssemblyofAtomsandMolecules
Introduction
Positional(orRobotic)Assembly
ScanningProbeMicroscopy
1.Topografiner
2.QuantumMechanicalTunnelingEffect
3.PiezoelectricPhenomena
4.ScanningTunnelingMicroscope(STM)
5.ElectronicsFeedbackLoop
6.AtomicForceMicroscope(AFM)
ApplicationsofSTMforPositionalAssemblyofMolecules
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter9—MolecularSelf-Assembly
Introduction
TheFiveFactorsResponsibleforSelf-Assembly
(1).TheRoleofMolecularBuildingBlocks(MBBs)inSelf-Assembly
(2).TheRoleofIntermolecularInteractionsinSelf-Assembly
(3).Reversibility
(4).MolecularMobility
(5).ProcessMedium
SomeExamplesofControlledSelf-Assemblies
(A).Self-AssemblyUsingSolidSurfaces-Immobilization
Techniques
(A-1).AffinityCouplingviaAntibodies
(A-2).AffinityCouplingbyBiotin-Streptavidin
(Bio-STV)SystemandItsModification
(A-3).ImmobilizedMetalIonComplexation(IMIC)
(A-4).Self-AssembledMonolayer(SAM)
(A-4-1).PhysicalAdsorption
(A-4-2).InclusioninPolyelectrolytesor
ConductingPolymers
(A-4-3).InclusioninSAM
(A-4-4).Non-OrientedAttachmenttoSAM
(A-4-5).OrientedAttachmenttoSAM
(A-4-6).DirectSite-SpecificAttachmenttoGold
(A-5).StrainDirectedSelf-Assembly
(A-6).DNADirectedSelf-Assembly
(A-7).Self-AssemblyonSiliconSurfaces
(B).Self-AssemblyinFluidMedia
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter10—DynamicCombinatorialChemistry
Introduction
DynamicCombinatorialLibrary(DCL)
ChallengesandLimitationsinDesigningaDCL
(i)TheNatureofDCLComponentsandTemplates
(ii)TheTypesofIntermolecularInteractionsinDCL
(iii)ThermodynamicConditions
(iv)MethodsofaDCLAnalysis
MolecularRecognition
SomeExamplesandApplicationsofDCL
Host-GuestChemistry
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Chapter11—MolecularBuildingBlocks—Diamondoids
Introduction
MolecularBuildingBlocks
Diamondoids
SomePhysicalandChemicalPropertiesofDiamondoid
Molecules
SynthesisofDiamondoids
GeneralApplicationsofDiamondoids
ApplicationofDiamondoidsasMBBs
DiamondoidsforDrugDeliveryandDrugTargeting
DNADirectedAssemblyandDNA-Adamantane-Protein
Nanostructures
DiamondoidsforHost-GuestChemistry
ConclusionsandDiscussion
Bibliography

Glossary

Index